As an oil rich country, Brunei in South East Asia, has one of the largest CO2 emission per capita. This is mainly because the oil refineries are powered by coal power plants, generating significant CO2 and 100,000 tonnes of fly ash waste annually.
Local concrete supplier, Readymix Brunei, had been trying to utilise the fly ash from Hengyi Power Plant into their concrete with limited success. Due to its low reactivity, the Hengyi fly ash could only be used to replace up to 5% of cement. However, it's low cost $20/t (vs cement - $100/t) and carbon 28kg/t (vs cement 800 kg/t) has made it an attractive opportunity.

